Nonsurgical treatment for upper eyelid retraction in patients with inactive Graves' orbitopathy.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of incobotulinumtoxinA (Xeomin®) in treating upper eyelid retraction in patients with Graves orbitopathy (GO) initially scheduled for surgery via two different application sites. METHODS: This is a comparative, prospective study, conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, EUGOGO site (EUropean Group On Graves' Orbitopathy) in Croatia from January 2020 till January of 2021 in accordance with national health headquarter recommendations. All patients were classified as inactive with marked eyelid retraction and randomly divided into groups according to application sites. Group A underwent transconjunctival application (18 eyes) and group B transcutaneous application (20 eyes) of incobotulinumtoxinA. The primary end point of this study was lowering the eyelid, to alleviate anterior eye segment symptoms and achieve acceptable aesthetic appearance until surgery becomes available. RESULTS: There were no nonresponders and we found no statistically significant difference in the degree of lowering the eyelid between the two application sites. Following rules for avoiding spread of SARS-CoV-19, none of the patients included in this study were infected. Moreover, participants reported diminishing of anterior eye segment irritation and improved aesthetics. CONCLUSION: Treatment of inactive GO patients with incobotulinumtoxinA for upper eyelid retraction is efficient and safe and can be used as an adjuvant treatment while patients wait for surgery, by alleviating symptoms and improving the level of aesthetic satisfaction without causing a threat to anterior eye segment and visual function. The study showed that effect of treatment was the same, whether we applied the toxin transconjunctivaly or transcutaneously.

A paralysis poser: a growing COVID concern

Purpose of Study: Report a rare case of onset of seronegative, juvenile dermatomyositis likely potentiated by Covid-19 infection Methods Used: Case analysis and literature research Summary of Results: A 7 year-old previously healthy male presented with 3 weeks of progressive, bilateral upper and lower extremity weakness, difficulty swallowing, voice changes, periorbital edema, and rash. Recent history was notable for diagnoses of COVID-19 one month prior to presentation and streptococcal pharyngitis 2 months prior to presentation. Notably, there is a family history of systemic lupus erythematosus. On examination, the patient demonstrated bilateral periorbital swelling with purple discoloration of the upper eyelids, a violaceous, pruritic, macular rash on his upper extremities and on his abdomen. Musculoskeletal exam was significant for severe axial (strength 2/5) and proximal (strength 3/5) muscleweakness with notable inability to sit unsupported or maintain head control. His neurologic exam was nonfocal;however, diffuse hyporeflexia in both upper and lower extremities were elicited. Initial screening labs were notable for mild transaminitis;positive ANA (1:80 in speckled pattern), negative ANCA, negative dsDNA/Anti- Sm, elevated aldolase of 10.3, CK 464, and LDH 665;normal thyroid studies and normal inflammatory markers. MRI with and without contrast of the spine indicated diffuse myositis of all muscle groups. Due to concern for autoimmune mediated myositis, Rheumatology was involved early in the patient's course. Empiric treatment was initiated early in the patient's presentation with IVIG, steroids, methotrexate, and plaquenil leading to gradual improvement in symptoms. Subsequent muscle biopsy was consistent with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM). Conclusion(s): JDM is rare, occurring in 1 to 15 per million children. It classically presents with proximal myopathy and dermatologic findings of Gattron's papules, a heliotrope and malar rash. Its pathophysiology is not yet well defined but is thought to be a humoral mediated autoimmune disease. Muscle biopsies characteristically show perifascicular and perivascular infiltration. Early diagnosis and treatment with steroids, immune modulators, and physical therapy is critical to limit muscle atrophy. Viral infections are known triggers of rheumatologic diseases broadly;however, the more pronounced type 1 interferon response associated with COVID-19, which is known to be a driving pathway of JDM, may be a risk factor for severe, recalcitrant disease. Future research is needed to better identify involved pathophysiology and target future treatment efforts. Additionally, more education and case reports could focus on dermatologic presentations of individuals with pigmented skin. Copyright © 2023 Southern Society for Clinical Investigation.

PRIMARY LUNG MALIGNANCY PRESENTING AS RARE CUTANEOUS METASTASIS TO EYELID

SESSION TITLE: Unusual Cancer Cases SESSION TYPE: Case Reports PRESENTED ON: 10/19/2022 09:15 am - 10:15 am INTRODUCTION: Cutaneous lesions may present as a clue to an internal malignancy and provide an easily accessible site for tissue confirmation. We present a case of an eyelid metastatic lesion presenting as an initial sign of primary pulmonary malignancy. CASE PRESENTATION: A 67-year-old woman with past medical history of SARS-COVID-2 pneumonia six months ago and reformed smoker (26 pack year) who quit 27 years ago, presented to the primary care physician's office with a chief complaint of a small right upper eyelid margin (base of eyelashes) lesion (Figure 1A), and ongoing nonproductive cough and fatigue since diagnosis of SARS-COVID-2 pneumonia. The eyelid lesion appeared two weeks prior and had quickly grown in size. The lesion was associated with mild itching, but without any associated pain, discharge, or bleeding. She also complained of left elbow and foot pain but denied fever, chills, rigors, hemoptysis, pleurisy, and weight loss. Physical examination was negative for lymphadenopathy. Chest x-ray revealed a hazy left upper lobe opacity. Urine antigen for blastomycoses and histoplasma were negative. Rheumatoid factor, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C reactive protein, QuantiFERON TB gold and anti-nuclear and cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies were negative. Computed tomography of chest revealed a left upper lobe 3.7 x 5.4 x 5.6 cm mass, numerous bilateral ground glass opacities, and scattered (less than 5 mm) nodules (Figure 1B). Simultaneously, the patient was evaluated by an ophthalmologist for excision of the eyelid lesion. Histopathological evaluation revealed malignancy compatible with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma (Figure 1C) DISCUSSION: While an uncommon presentation, this case highlights the importance of a through history and examination in a patient presenting with pulmonary symptoms with risk factors for a lung malignancy. While she did have imaging that demonstrated lung masses, the diagnosis of lung cancer came not from invasive sampling of these masses, but rather from excision and histopathological evaluation of an eyelid soft tissue mass. Lung cancer is prone to metastasis, however cutaneous manifestations of lung cancer are relatively rare and are more common in the advanced stages of disease, making cutaneous metastasis a poor prognostic factor. In terms of cutaneous metastases, ocular metastases are one of the rarest locations making this a unique presentation. In a patient presenting with pulmonary masses, any concurrent development of new and/or growing skin lesions should be evaluated to rule out metastasis and potentially yield diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: In patients presenting with concern for a malignant lung process, a skin exam should be completed, and suspicious skin lesions should be biopsied. Although rare, lung malignancies do metastasize to ocular cutaneous tissues and are a marker of more advanced stage of the malignancy. Reference #1: Hidaka T, Ishii Y, Kitamura S. Clinical features of skin metastasis from lung cancer. Intern Med. 1996;35:459-462. Reference #2: Marcoval J, Penin RM, Llatjos R, Martinez-Ballarin, I. Cutaneous metastasis from lung cancer: retrospective analysis of 30 patients. Australas J Dermatol. 2012;53(4):288-290. Reference #3: Abdeen Y, Amireh S, Patel A, Al-Halawani M, Shaaban H, Miller R. Cutaneous metastasis as a first presentation for lung adenocarcinoma. N Am J Med Sci. 2016;8(5): 222-225. DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Gregory Griepentrog No relevant relationships by Chinmay Jani No relevant relationships by Bailey Ray No relevant relationships by Harpreet Singh No relevant relationships by Amit Taneja No relevant relationships by Kara Young